D2
Data verifiedD2 is the world-standard high-carbon, high-chromium cold work tool steel. Massive chromium carbides give exceptional abrasive wear resistance and long die life in blanking and forming.
Chemical composition
| Element | Content (%) |
|---|---|
| C | 1.45–1.60 |
| Si | 0.10–0.60 |
| Mn | 0.20–0.60 |
| Cr | 11.00–13.00 |
| Mo | 0.70–1.00 |
| V | 0.70–1.00 |
Weight percent, per the governing standard ranges. Actual values per heat are on the mill certificate.
Properties
| Delivery condition | Annealed |
| Hardness (hardened) | 58–62 HRC |
| Density | 7.70 g/cm³ |
| Wear resistance | Very high |
Heat treatment
Anneal 840–870 °C slow cool; harden 1020–1040 °C air/oil; temper 180–220 °C (or 500–520 °C for hot-work stability).
Equivalent grades
| Standard | Designation |
|---|---|
| din | 1.2379 |
| aisi | D2 |
| jis | SKD11 |
| gb | Cr12Mo1V1 |
Compare side by side: D2 vs SKD11 · D2 vs D3 · D2 vs DC53
Equivalents overlap in chemistry and use but are not always identical — see our equivalents guide before substituting in certified designs.
Applications & Processing
Applications: Blanking and punching dies, shear blades, cold extrusion dies, thread rolling dies, slitters.
Processing: Poor machinability annealed; grind after hardening; air hardening gives low distortion. EDM requires care to avoid surface micro-cracks.
FAQ
- D2 vs DC53?
- DC53 is a modified D2-type steel with higher toughness and tempering response (60–64 HRC). DC53 survives chipping-prone applications better; D2 is cheaper and universally stocked.
- What hardness should D2 be used at?
- 58–62 HRC for cutting dies; 56–58 HRC where impact loading dominates.
Need D2 from stock?
Steel.Wiki is sponsored by Shenzhen NewAsia Special Steel (Nasteel), a special-steel stockholder in Shenzhen stocking mold, tool and alloy steels with EN 10204 3.1 certification.
Ask for a quotationVisit NasteelSource: ASTM A681 / EN published ranges · Last updated 2026-11-03. Data is indicative — verify critical values against the governing standard and mill certificate before use.
